Dualex植物多酚-叶绿素仪：利用叶片荧光传感器估算玉米各生育期植株氮浓度

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Dualex植物多酚-叶绿素仪：利用叶片荧光传感器估算玉米各生育期植株氮浓度

发表时间：2022-04-18 11:43:04点击：1171

来源：北京博普特科技有限公司

Dualex是一款源自于法国国家科学院 (CNRS)及巴黎第十一大学技术，由奥地利PESSL公司生产（原法国Force-A公司）开发的新型多功能叶片测量仪。它可同时准确测量叶片的叶绿素含量、叶片表层的类黄酮和花青素含量，适用于植物生理学和农学（如水稻叶绿素浓度，玉米氮素状况，葡萄藤等）相关研究。

其测量对象可以是单子叶植物，双子叶植物或多年生植物。这款设备简单易用，可进行实时和非破坏性测量。由于不需要校准标定和事先的样品制备，测量工作可在实验室或现场完成。此外，该设备在各种温度的和环境光照条件下均可进行简单、快速、无损测量叶片中的叶绿素、多酚以及花青素。

Dualex便携式智能气象-叶绿素-花青素-黄酮醇测量仪

摘要

氮素是影响作物产量和品质最重要的养分之一。近距离遥感技术在精准农业中的应用为作物氮素状况的无损实时诊断和精准管理提供了新的机遇。值得注意的是，叶片荧光传感器在精确估计植物氮素状况方面显示出了很大的潜力。然而，大多数使用叶片荧光传感器的研究主要集中在估算叶片氮浓度（LNC），而不是植物氮浓度（PNC）。本研究的目的是（1）确定玉米（Zea mays L.）LNC和PNC的关系，（2）评估影响叶片荧光传感器参数变化的主要因素，以及（3）建立一个通用模型来直接估计不同生长阶段的PNC。2016年和2017年，在中国东北两个不同土壤类型、种植密度和施氮量的农田中，使用叶片荧光传感器Dualex 4对四个生长阶段的三个不同位置的玉米叶片进行了测试。结果表明，叶片总氮浓度（TLNC）和PNC与单叶氮浓度（SLNC）有很强的相关性（R2=0.91～0.98）。TLNC和PNC受玉米生育期和施氮量的影响，但不受土壤类型的影响。当与播后天数（DAS）参数结合使用时，改良的Dualex 4指数在不同生长阶段与TLNC和PNC表现出强烈的相关性。改良叶绿素浓度（mChl）和改良氮平衡指数（mNBI）都是PNC的可靠预测因子。利用抽穗期（VT）前新完全展开的叶片和VT期穗上叶片获得的信息来估计PNC，可以获得良好的结果。可以得出结论，当与DAS一起使用时，叶片荧光传感器（Dualex 4）可以可靠地估计玉米不同生长阶段的PNC。

关键词：氮状态诊断；Dualex传感器；精准氮管理；叶位；近端感知；氮平衡指数

Estimating Plant Nitrogen Concentration of Maize Using a Leaf Fluorescence Sensor across Growth Stages

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most essential nutrients that can significantly affect crop grain yield and quality. The implementation of proximal and remote sensing technologies in precision agriculture has provided new opportunities for non-destructive and real-time diagnosis of crop N status and precision N management. Notably, leaf fluorescence sensors have shown high potential in the accurate estimation of plant N status. However, most studies using leaf fluorescence sensors have mainly focused on the estimation of leaf N concentration (LNC) rather than plant N concentration (PNC). The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the relationship of maize (Zea mays L.) LNC and PNC, (2) evaluate the main factors influencing the variations of leaf fluorescence sensor parameters, and (3) establish a general model to estimate PNC directly across growth stages. A leaf fluorescence sensor, Dualex 4, was used to test maize leaves with three different positions across four growth stages in two fields with different soil types, planting densities, and N application rates in Northeast China in 2016 and 2017. The results indicated that the total leaf N concentration (TLNC) and PNC had a strong correlation (R2 = 0.91 to 0.98) with the single leaf N concentration (SLNC). The TLNC and PNC were affected by maize growth stage and N application rate but not the soil type. When used in combination with the days after sowing (DAS) parameter, modified Dualex 4 indices showed strong relationships with TLNC and PNC across growth stages. Both modified chlorophyll concentration (mChl) and modified N balance index (mNBI) were reliable predictors of PNC. Good results could be achieved by using information obtained only from the newly fully expanded leaves before the tasseling stage (VT) and the leaves above panicle at the VT stage to estimate PNC. It is concluded that when used together with DAS, the leaf fluorescence sensor (Dualex 4) can be used to reliably estimate maize PNC across growth stages.

Keywords: nitrogen status diagnosis; Dualex sensor; precision nitrogen management; leaf position; proximal sensing; nitrogen balance index