来自Arvalis植物研究院和Hiphen的科学家开发出了新款室外高通量植物表型成像平台。

要在田间条件下评估缺水的影响，研究者或育种人员必须在非常有限的田间环境中设置大型实验网络。经验表明，由于环境条件不允许检测胁迫渐进过程，田间实验结果并不相关。在本文中，我们着重介绍了PhénoField的生产力，使用了2017年小麦田间实验数据。PhénoField平台革新性方法包括使用了自动灌溉防雨棚，同时进行高通量田间表型研究，从而实现传统表型以及微气象的紧密测量。

首先，要检测不同非生物胁迫，通过对待评估作物所需限制因子的强度以及应用时期的控制，自动移动防雨罩可协助实现有效施肥或灌溉。该管理基于微气象测量，同时模拟作物碳、水以及氮。另外，该可控环境下，通过配有不同光学传感器的的高通量表型天车可在田间实现可比较评估。与手工操作相比，此方法可获取相同或新型变量，因其动态分析能力强，容易区分出来。因此，可详细解释基因型和环境型之间的互作，因其不仅获取了环境数据还获取了植物对限制水和氮的反应。进一步数据分析提供了不同指示因子动力学曲线参数，即所有胁迫条件下的植物的一体化以及相关行为。所有PhénoField平台的参数植物模型分类的新方向，在生长期精细鉴定不同品系行为，对特定研究适用的特定传感器进行了评估。

关键词: 田间表, 耐寒，高通量，防雨罩，远程传感器。

Management and Characterization of Abiotic Stress via PhénoField§R , a high-Throughput Field Phenotyping Platform

Katia Beauchêne1* , Fabien Leroy1 , Antoine Fournier1 , Céline Huet1 , Michel Bonnefoy1 , Josiane Lorgeou2 , Beno�0�6t de Solan2 , Beno�0�6t Piquemal2 , Samuel Thomas2  and Jean-Pierre Cohan3

1 ARVALIS – Institut du Végétal, Ouzouer-le-Marché, France, 2 ARVALIS – Institut du Végétal, Boigneville, France,3 ARVALIS – Institut du Végétal, La Chapelle-Saint-Sauveur, France

In order to evaluate the impact of water deficit in field conditions, researchers or breeders must set up large experiment networks in very restrictive field environments. Experience shows that half of the field trials are not relevant because of climatic conditions that do not  allow  the  stress  scenario  to  be  tested.  The  PhénoField platform  is  the  first  field based  infrastructure  in  the  European  Union  to  ensure  protection  against  rainfall  for  a large number of plots, coupled with the non-invasive acquisition of crops’ phenotype. In this paper, we will highlight the PhénoField production capability using data from 2017-wheat trial. The innovative approach of the PhénoField platform consists in the use of automatic irrigating rainout shelters coupled with high throughput field phenotyping to complete conventional phenotyping and micrometeorological densified measurements.

Firstly,  to  test  various  abiotic  stresses,  automatic  mobile  rainout  shelters  allow  fine management of fertilization or irrigation by driving daily the intensity and period of the application  of  the  desired  limiting  factor  on  the  evaluated  crop.  This  management  is based on micro-meteorological measurements coupled with a simulation of a carbon,water  and  nitrogen  crop  budget.  Furthermore,  as  high-throughput  plant-phenotyping under controlled conditions is well advanced, comparable evaluation in field conditions is  enabled  through  phenotyping  gantries  equipped  with  various  optical  sensors.  This approach,  giving  access  to  either  similar  or  innovative  variables  compared  manual measurements,  is  moreover  distinguished  by  its  capacity  for  dynamic  analysis.  Thus,the interactions between genotypes and the environment can be deciphered and better detailed  since  this  gives  access  not  only  to  the  environmental  data  but  also  to  plant responses  to  limiting  hydric  and  nitrogen  conditions.  Further  data  analyses  provide access  to  the  curve  parameters  of  various  indicator  kinetics,  all  the  more  integrative and  relevant  of  plant  behavior  under  stressful  conditions.  All  these  specificities  of  the PhénoField platform open the way to the improvement of various categories of crop models,  the  fine  characterization  of  variety  behavior  throughout  the  growth  cycle  and the evaluation of particular sensors better suited to a specific research question.

Keywords: field phenotyping, drought tolerance, high throughput, rainout shelters, remote sensors